Are Parson Russell Terriers healthy?

• Patellar luxation: Patellar luxation (loose kneecaps) is a common condition in small breeds like Parson Russell Terriers. It’s diagnosed when the kneecap (patella) luxates or moves out of its normal location. Although luxating patella can be painful, and dogs might not want to put weight on the affected leg, it often corrects on its own. Surgery may be required for severe or chronic cases.

• Congenital deafness: Dogs with white coats have a pigmentation gene that has been linked to deafness. It can also be related to illnesses like intrauterine infections and liver disease. The symptoms include abnormal vocalizations and disorientation, or you may not notice that your dog is ignoring commands or not responding to noises like doorbells or squeak toys. There is no cure for congenital deafness, but Parson Russell Terriers can learn to respond to hand signals.

• Spinocerebellar ataxia: When the cerebellum, the part of the brain responsible for movement, is underdeveloped, it causes a lack of coordination, loss of balance, and spastic movements. Spinocerebellar ataxia is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, and symptoms often appear between two and six months of age (but Parson Russell Terriers can be diagnosed with a “late onset” version of the disease that is diagnosed when they are older). There is currently no cure.

• Lens luxation: Parson Russell Terriers are particularly prone to lens luxation, a condition where the eye’s lens dislocates from its normal position. This can happen due to weakened ligaments or genetic predisposition. When the lens shifts, it can obstruct fluid drainage within the eye, which may lead to secondary glaucoma, a painful condition that can cause vision loss if left untreated. Pet parents should watch for signs like squinting, redness, or a change in eye shape and consult a vet promptly if they suspect an issue.

• Cataracts: Cataracts occur when the lens of the eye becomes clouded, impairing the dog’s vision. They often develop due to age, injury, or genetics, with the cloudy area gradually covering more of the lens. Parson Russell Terriers with cataracts may appear clumsier than usual, have difficulty navigating in dim light, or show a blue or gray tint in their eyes. Surgery is often the most effective treatment for cataracts if they interfere significantly with the dog’s quality of life.

• Legg-Calve-Perthes disease: This is a hip joint condition where the femoral head — the ball portion of the thigh bone — loses blood supply, leading to degeneration of the bone. It’s more common in small and medium breeds, including Parson Russell Terriers, and usually shows up in younger dogs. Signs include limping, stiffness, and pain in the hip, particularly after exercise. Treatment often involves surgery to remove the damaged part of the bone, allowing the dog to build a pain-free, functional joint through scar tissue.